The product mix strategies that McDonalds has taken in the expansion Essay

The product mix strategies that McDonalds has taken in the expansion to the markets of the foreign countries - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in simplest language, international marketing can be defined as a process of planning and executing marketing mix strategies on a worldwide scale to take the advantage of the structural and operational differences between nations to benefit both the individuals and organizations. The product mix strategies include the product type, promotion strategies and price as well as distribution channels. With the advent of globalization, international marketing became an integral part of the firm’s growth strategy, primarily to increase the profit base and diversify the market risk associated with a concentrated local market. Globalization has also improved the demand from overseas customers, which is giving to be a lot of incentive to the firms to get lured into the foreign markets. The attitude of the governments in the recent times is fuelling the drive of globalization and multinationals. McDonald’s which is one of the leading American restaurant chains, founded in 1940 by Dick and Mac McDonald, has successfully expanded its business through franchising into countries across the continents. The successful company has a wide range of eatables to cope with the evolving taste of the customers. The quintessential product is hamburgers and cheeseburgers. The additional platters include chicken, French fries, breakfast essentials, soft drinks and desserts. The company began to witness worldwide growth and success when Ray Kroc joined the company as a franchise agent and bought the chain from the McDonald brothers. The company has been using its corporate logo since 1968. The boom of the fast food industry began from 1975 when fast food sales in America had soared to 900% from 1975 to mid-2000s. This provided a huge boost to the fast food restaurants to expand chains of outlets across the country. McDonald’s made the first move towards establishing a chain of fast food restaurants through franchising in the 1960s. It was the first restaurant to have introduced the concept of mass food production in the food business and become a market leader in paving the way food is to be marketed, distributed and sold. The fast-food industry also depends to a large extent on the supply chain for an adequate supply of raw materials. The tight integration of the agents implies that the growth of the fast-food sector chain has deeper resonance on the entire economy. Rationale for Internationalization Globalization has hugely increased the number of jobs and working hours in both the developing and developed countries. This implies that demand for quality fast food has also increased to a great extent owing to the young working professionals. The successful fast-food chains of the West saw this as a great opportunity to cash on such expansion. Since 1990s, the attitude of the government in the developing countries has been to reduce the market barriers and trade restrictions have made the process of internationalization more convenient process for the firms. Mode of Entry It has been observed from the experiences of the leading giants in the fast-food industry that out of the various methods of modes of entry, which includes exporting, licensing, Joint venture, Franchising, Strategic alliance and Subsidiaries (wholly owned or partly owned), fast food restaurants have actively considered franchising as the most convenient method. The experience of McDonald’s reflects the same strategy. Franchising is chosen as the most common mode of entry by the big businesses because the investment burden and the liability of the franchisor are greatly reduced owing to the franchise.

Electronic Notice Board Software

Electronic Notice Board Software ENB project was created to modernise the classic means of communication through the pin and paperboard based communication to the more efficient and dynamic communication of general information to the students of the Bolton University. Student and faculty will get the timely information while they are walking around School office or in Labs. ENB will remind the student about the critical dates for the exams, social events, and warnings etc. It will positively affect the student behaviour towards the academic excellence and time management. ENB will decrease the rate of late assignments submission and absents among the students. ENB will decrease the workload of university management for printing and pasting the traditional paper based notice boards. ENB system will not require any additional hardware and it will be developed in the Microsoft Visual Basic .net Express Edition and Microsoft SQL server Database hence low cost of development and implementation. ENB will bring forth a positive change in the university environment. ENB project was created using the VB.NET and SQL database express editions, which are free of cost. Database is designed to ensure the efficiency of the software in the network environment. A survey was conducted on the sample of students to evaluate the potential of ENB to improve the overall communication in the campus. To ensure the successful implementation of the project the software was tested and evaluated in the campus environment. The final solution met all the basic requirements and also delivered some extra features. Further features and improvement can be added in the future. The report has the details of the ENB project from start to end, including the requirement analysis, background research, design, implementation, testing and evaluation stages. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Problem Definition During my time in university I have missed many recreational occasions and a couple of times I have missed important dates of final assignment submissions as I was miss informed about the dates. All these errors of misinformation made me realize the necessity of an electronics notice board. In the University of Bolton there are many problems, distinguish is between rumour and true information. At times dates are changed and change of plan is very poorly communicated to the students and faculty, which creates confusion. In case of an ENB students will have access to important announcements while walking around and have the benefit of being reminded several times a day. Currently university administration is using a Paper based notice board. A printed black and white poster is pasted on the notice board to announce university events. The method indeed consumes the administrative and clerical time of the university. Sometimes the change of dates is not timely announced, which provokes frustration among the students of the concerned disciplines. The ENB project was realised and envisaged based on the concept of improving the communication channels within the University campus among students and the faculty members. For example to announce the start of new semester a simple piece of paper is loosely pasted at the front door notice board of school office. Sometimes the fonts are not appropriate and the black ink prints are not very attractive and appealing to grab the real attention of the concerned students. So the students miss the critical information and often submit the final project or prepare for the final exams very close to the deadline. In my opinion irrespective of the students aptitude the fault might be at the universitys end. The ENB will effectively convey the key academic information to the students hence there will be great reduction in the late submission of the final projects and assignments. The ENB will play a powerful role at will increase the academic productive of the students. A notice board can be defined as Abulletin board(pinboard,pin boardornotice boardin British English) is a place where people can leave publicmessages [1] A Notice Board is a traditional tool for the dissemination of information in academic campuses. A traditional Notice board is made of a wooden frame with a soft central square of cork for pinning the papers of information for the students. Widespread adaptation of information technology has changed the traditional means of information dispersion. Electronic notice board is an innovative replacement for the traditional wood and cork notice boards. Due to the dynamic nature of the electronic notice board it has practical application in the corporate environment. Following are some of the case studies about the practical application of electronic notice board in both academic and corporate scenarios. Aim The project ENB aims to develop and implement application software that will disseminate the academic information in the network environment among the students and faculty members. The project ENB will open the new powerful channel of communication between university management and students. The solution will consist of a page server and client PCs as the notice boards. In the design phase I will focus on to simplifying the end user experience of using the ENB. End users will probably include members of admin staff. For the administrator it will be hassle free to upload the different formats of multimedia. There will be some quick templates to quickly upload the announcements. The ENB system first time configuration will be automatic therefore very easy. There must be server software on one end therefore the client side will automatically detect the server. In case of multiple page servers the ENB system will give options to connect. The ENB system will be Database driven hence it will take the minimal amount of network bandwidth. The ENB system will be network based therefore additional network optimization technology will be deployed to make it as fast as possible The system will be operated by Administrator and other staff to assist them in scheduling tasks for messages in the near future. Also an aim of the project is to develop the framework so that it is easy to extend in the future. Objectives The ENB system will be developed using the visual basic programming language and MS SQL SERVER database. I will focus on the following outcomes for the finished product. In order to satisfy the aim the following objectives need to be achieved: Deploying a software engineering methodology relevant to the ENB project Design a data model for ENB Design and develop an integrated system to query the data model Test and Evaluate the ENB against the requirements Minimum Requirements A prototype of an integrated framework for Electronic Notice Board system which can be informative and flexible. A prototype to input and store task commands. A prototype to input and store scheduled task commands. A prototype to input and transfer scheduled task to task command data. Enhancements A login system to provide security for the server application. View of Report of pending tasks for any date. View of Report of completed tasks for any date. Administrator prototype to add new users on database server. Administrator prototype to run client in Admin mode. Data bound schema to control scheduled tasks. Controlling the clients status active or inactive Input FIFO: First in First out. As task is set to client, it is executed straight away. Time Controlled pattern: Events are controlled by given time. Time can span to any number of minutes, hours or even days. Date Controlled pattern: Events are controlled by given Date. Time and date controlled pattern: combination of Time Controlled pattern and Date controlled pattern. Client Registration Data Primary Input Client Id, Client Name, Client Unique Id, Time of Registration, Date of Registration. Secondary Input Client State. Base Data (Client Data) Base table is basically a blueprint for all clients. (Primary Input) Record Id, Task Id, Task Command, Task Arguments (Additional input) Task in Time, Task in Date, Task State Scheduled Data It is same as Base Database. (Primary Input) Record Id, Task Id, Task Command, Task Arguments (Additional input) Task in Time, Task in Date, Task State Output For each task that is in current execution schema is grouped by registered users and are performed by clients on given time span. Scheduled tasks are placed in scheduler and on given time they are transferred to corresponding client(s) for execution. Requirements Analysis The purpose for this project is not to develop a system that can act as a notice board but to integrate and utilize data driven technology to accomplish complex tasks with ease without any additional hardware to display message. Integrated scheduling technology provides flexibility and automation. Orange valley systems are the market leader for marketing the ENB application for the business organizations Appendix WRITE IT IN END. A thorough analysis was conducted on the orange valley product. Basic idea for the ENB features was captured from the screen shots available from their website. In depth interviews were conducted with the students, friends, and the IT administrator staff. On collecting the requirement analysis data from the above research the following functional and non functional requirements were devised. Functional Requirements Add and edit tasks. Add and edit scheduled tasks. Add and remove tasks. Schedule tasks Display reports of tasks. Non Functional Requirements System must be easy to use and navigate. System should have a consistent interface. CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGIES Methodologies Communication is the lifeline of any social system. Success of any organization is directly related to the effectiveness for their communication systems. Academics are no exception for this. An effective campus communication system must be understood, credible, and practically utilized. Attributes about the campus communication In the year 1973 Mr. Anderson Jerry M presented his research papers at the Annual meeting of the Nebraska speech communication association. Title of the research papers were Improving the internal communication: A campus Quandary. Research papers were based on the formal interviews with the 90 interviewees. Each interview took 15 to 90 minutes. Interviewees were randomly selected persons of the campuses. Interviewees included the campus administrators, faculty, students, staff, alumni and trustees representing 30 post secondary institutions of different sizes. Past research data was also used to analyze the results of the research. The 1971-72 opinion research was based on an interview format designed to be open-ended to encourage respondents to call upon personal experience and ventilate feelings. The interviews unveiled the issues and anxieties regarding the campus communication. Two questions formed the basis for interviews, except in a few instances where a more structured questioning approach was necessitated to elicit more extended responses. Those two questions: From your perspective and experiences, how effective is communication on this campus? What, if anything, would you do to improve it? [2] Three general attitudes clearly emerged. The need for improved campus communication is among the most significant and pressing problems. When asked why, most answered that the functional operation of the campus was dependent upon communication effectiveness and it could be much improved, and internal effectiveness as perceived by those outside the campus would determine the level of future support. Recommendations for improvement were multiple, usually incomplete in development, and concluded with the statement that no clear solutions existed. Concern was expressed about the lack of sensitivity and attention to communication problems by those with the expertise to improve the situation and by others in positions to effect change. Opinion research drew the following conclusions. Research uncovered a strong need to improve the campus communication. Old faculty members were nostalgic about the good old days when they knew everybody in campus and always knew the important events Campus members realize the ultimate responsibility of communication lies on administration Administrator is frustrated about changing the campus communication. They dont understand the approach to the change. They themselves are confused on aligning their communication between deans and faculty. Faculty members and chairman were not happy with the unreasonable deadlines, dissemination of information in clusters, reactions to proposed policies. Communication denial and communication under load were the main concern of middle level management. Campus staff was concerned about the lack of confidence upon their colleagues due to surveillance and audit of their work. Information used to distort when passing down or up in the hierarchy of the organization. Traditional approaches were not working 20% of the sample showed their lack of interest for improving the campus communication. These were mostly the students and faculty members. Interviewees were most distrustful about the administrative communication behaviour especially lack of disclosure Solutions for improving the Campus Communication Communication had been improved using the technological advances. Providing informational announcement is on closed circuit television between classes had proven to be effective. The use of telephone answering services in offices during after hours, and as a message dissemination system for people to call and hear important recorded messages. Catalogues and bulletins and other information sources need be written with the sensitivity to readability. Departments or divisions, large institutions, should be encouraged to develop newsletters. Bulletin boards could be kept up to date and used more extensively I have chance to review the communication methods deployed by the UK universities. These are some general and specialise methods. News Kantor, Brian and Phil Lapsley Network News Transfer Protocol: A Proposed Standard for the Stream-Based Transmission of News. 1986. [3] Universities employ NNTP (network news transfer protocol) service named News as the official bulletin board. NNTP provides discussion forums for modules, programming languages and other both academic and non-academic topics. NNTP has also the application of a notice board where official announcements are posted. Students can access the news by any newsreader. Thunderbird email client and Tin are popular newsreader. Students are required to read the newsgroups on a regular basis as it is the main method of official communication between the school and students. It has been noticed in the recent years a falling trend of reading news among the university students. Email Universities provide everyone with an email account. Using email to communicate has several advantages. Email Communications are often more effective than printed direct mail. [4] Firstly email is a flexible system that by now has large amounts of web integration. Therefore people have flexibility in how to access their email account Secondly email is an accepted method of communication with people usually inspecting their email on a habitual basis and therefore messages be likely to get read. As a broader point, email is simply further widely used all-round. SIS The term SIS School Information System is used in some of the UK universities. SIS provides information on students, staff, modules, timetables, coursework and more. From the perspective of an undergraduate student, SIS provides access to the school timetables, modules information, and coursework results and is also used to facilitate the submission of electronic coursework. Module websites In most of the UK universities every module has its own WebPages. Modular group of pages can be accessed on adding codes in the official URL. These web pages typically include the outline of the module, lecture slides from each lecture, sample coursework, additional reading and information on the examination and assessment process for the module. [5] Wiki The simplest online database that could possibly work.[6] Universities have link to the WIKI. WIKI has rigorous information of how to and guides to using the facilities. The wiki provides plenty of helpful information and is frequently the first port of call for numerous students when students have a problem or desire information on the University facilities. University of Bolton has the WIKI. It also has new information that people are continuously adding. However until now nearly all of the edits have been through by staff or by a small selection of students. It has up till now to be fully embraced by undergraduate students with a small number of using it on a regular basis and barely any undergraduates contributing to it. VLE (Virtual Learning Environment) Mostly Uk Universities Library has a virtual learning environment which the universities developed in-house and launched in around 1996. Access to the environment is available through a web browser for both students and guests [7].The thought is to create a virtual campus online separated up into various buildings which house the different resources on offer. The quantity of information available varies from school to school and from module to module. For example the business school has a chat room, module information, lecture slides and past exam papers for a large number of their modules. The School of Computing however does not. This is most probably because all this information is available on the schools intranet. The VLE also provides quick access to searching Google, Oxford reference dictionary, Thesaurus.com, Institute and the library catalogue. Facebook Facebook is a social networking website analogous to MySpace. It was at first targeted at university students. The site was launched in 2004. It was primarily developed for student community of Harvard and extended to offer networks for other universities and ultimately opened membership to all and sundry in 2006. The idea is based around a series of networks, one for each university. In order to join the network one needs to use a valid email address for that institution (for instance, in order to join the University of Bolton network you require to use a @Bolton.ac.uk email address. You then have access to that networks features such as being able to view peoples profiles, joining groups and creating and replying to event invitations. Facebook is amazingly popular with students, claiming a penetration rate of 85% among US college students. Facebook also achieves very high levels of user retention. Over 50% of its user base visits the site every day [8] and on average each user view s 50 pages of the site per day. The main problem with Facebook from the perspective of the school is that is it not managed by the Institution and the Institution has no control over it. The school has no effective way to utilise Facebook to communicate with students as it does not have control over the School of Computing group on Facebook and only a minority of the staff are registered on the site. A more elemental problem is that Facebook is a social networking website intended for students and was not intended to be used for academic activities or to be utilised by academic institutions. Conclusion In the universities of UK current methods of campus communication do not seem to be engaging the students. Declining use of the News and other web based IT platform shows that students information needs are not met. Facebook is very popular but Universities have no control on it. Therefore it would appear to the Universities requirement to deal with these problems either by upgrading their existing systems or adopting a new system in order to engage students more and meet the new level of expectations of the students. CHAPTER 3 BACKGROUND RESEARCH Background Reading Software Engineering Methodologies A methodology is a structured approach to design and develop the software, hence reducing the chances of software project failure. Methodology provides a recommendation of a series of steps to be followed [9]. There are number of software development methodologies. The selection of the methodology depends on the scoop and complexity of the project. Some of the famous methodologies are Waterfall Model which is also described classical model [10]. The Spiral Model was introduced to replace the Waterfall Model [4]. The Spiral model is being criticised for its rigidity. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology became popular in the early 1990s due to the perceived deficiencies of the traditional waterfall approach [11]. RAD is ideal for the projects where requirements may change during or after the development.RAD has advantage on other methodologies to save the time required for development. Prototyping is another methodology in which developer builds an application from the requirements. There are two types of prototyping methodologies evolutionary prototyping and throwaway prototyping. It is important to decide in advance the selection for the type of prototyping methodology [12]. After a thorough analysis it seems that no single methodology is suitable for the ENB project. Chosen methodology will be explained in the following section. Chosen Methodology It has been decided after reviewing the common methodologies, it seems appropriate to select the Evolutionary prototyping methodology for the ENB project. RAD will be used to develop the required features of the ENB software. Using an only the approach of RAD will lead to the errors and the prototyping will allow correcting the errors. Prototyping has the four main stages. Identification of the requirements. Development of a prototype system. Review the prototype. Revisions and enhancements of the Prototype. Prototyping typing will allow the development of the certain module of the project. Even if the whole project is not developed, there will be basic system to be developed further in the future. For example server side application will be developed with all requirements of scheduling, the tasks and defining the users rights. The client application will be developed afterwards. Client application will have support for the features of the server. On the user evaluation the further features will be added on the server side. RAD will be used on each phase of the development therefore the client server applications will be developed rapidly. RAD will be used within each phase of development, so the Time Controlled pattern / Date Controlled pattern Input task will be developed rapidly. Similarly the other aspects will be developed like this and will together form the overall framework, which will develop as an evolutionary prototype. Each aspect of the system will be developed using a RAD approach and then modified, this will include the database development, the input component and the output component. The evolutionary prototype will allow for any bugs to be corrected during the development instead of detecting and correcting them during the testing phase. Tools and Applications Database Systems The system involves the use of a lot of information, some which will be needed several times and the most appropriate form of storage of this data is in a database. This will allow data to be saved from input to the system and retrieved to be used by the system. As an important aspect of this project is use of Time Control System. In this section several databases are reviewed for their suitability to this project. Microsoft Access Microsoft Access is Bundles of RDBS with the Microsoft Office. MS Access is widely spread on the windows based PCs. It is dependent on the windows environment therefore it cant be deployed on the Linux or UNIX environment. MS access has a GUI, Which facilitates creating the database tables and their relations, queries, forms and reports. MS Access is one of the best selling databases and it has a lot of support available from Microsoft and this is likely to remain so in the future [13]. MS access has disadvantages. It has data limit of 2GB. It is not ideal to use on the network. MS access has lax security measures to prevent the unauthorized access. These disadvantages would be an issue for this project as the system is likely to be accessed by a multiple users at a time and multimedia files will be run on it, it is very likely to exceed 2GB in size. There is a possible security risk of an MS Access database due to it being stored as a single file if un-trusted sources gain access to the folder it is contained in [14]. Most important drawback of MS Access is that lack of network support. ENB is totally depending on Network environment for communication which is by no means supported by MS Access. MS SQL Server MS SQL Server has been developed by Microsoft and it is their more expensive but more robust alternative to MS Access. MS SQL Server is more commonly used by businesses for small to medium sized databases. MS SQL Server is a high performance database with a bundle of functionality and it also has built in security features for LAN/WAN and web environment. There are free express versions of MS SQL Server that can be downloaded for free, however free versions offer less in functionality [15]. MS SQL Server utilizes Transact-SQL as its primary query language. MS SQL Server allows procedures to be stored within the database comparable to MS Access queries. This reduces load on the network bandwidth because only the variables are sent to the data along with the related procedures to be executed not the entire queries. This method is useful for the regular database queries. The method also protects the database from the injection attacks [16]. Sql server has the following disadvantages. It can only work on Windows environment Professional and Enterprise editions has costly license fee As far the ENB project the Enterprise edition is not required. MySQL MySQL is free open source relational database management system. MySQL is the most popular open source database due to its high performance [17]. MySQL has compatibility with any operating system including Linux, UNIX, Mac and Windows. It can also handle large amounts of data and provides security through user authorization and access privileges [18]. MySQL was designed to use on the internet, due to the high performance and very advance features MySQL is a favourite database for the desktop applications. A disadvantage of MySQL is that it is not ideal to set foreign key references [19]. PostgreSQL PostgreSQL is also an open source RDBMS, it is a platform independent database management system analogous to MySQL, however it has more advance features such as triggers. On implementing all features PostgreSQL performance is slower as compare to MySQL. PostgreSQL is the database of many high profile applications such as Skype and Hi5.com. PostgreSQL database design is more complex than MySQL. Performance of PostgreSQL is relatively slow [19]. Chosen Database Management System On reviewing the above database systems the following analysis are being concluded. Ms Access has been discarded from the selection list. It has no support for the network environment. Due to the network oriented nature of the ENB project the network performance is the core issue. Network performance cant be compromised. It will jeopardize the overall functionality of the project during the network load times. PostgreSQL has similar feature as MySQL. Both are discarded on the grounds of limited GUI support for development and maintenance. Both are not closely integrated with MS VB.Net. MS SQL server 2008 Express editions has been decided to be used as database platform for the ENB project. SQL Server 2008 Express is a correct choice for project to include Multimedia database services. Microsoft SQL Server 2008 is a relational model database server produced by Microsoft. Its primary query languages are T-SQL and ANSI SQL. Due to the limited scoop of the ENB application I will use MS SQL Express Edition. Microsoft SQL Server Express is available at no cost. SQL Server Express edition relational database management system, comprises a database is limited for embedded and smaller-scale applications. Database engine is limited to receive work from a small number of users. It has several technical limitations; therefore it cant be deployed in the enterprise environment. Maximum database size of 4 GB per database. The 4 GB limit applies per database (log files excluded); but in some scenarios users can access more data through the use of multiple interconnected databases. It has the several advantages. The advantages are listed in the following lines. Its free of cost SQL server express edition has all the features required for my ENB project. SQL server express edition has Management studio. Limited support for multiple clients on LAN. SQL management studio will simplify the management and maintenance of the ENB database. Most of the IT technician and administrators are well versed with the MS SQL server. GUI tools will allow administrator to easily troubleshoot the common database issues. Main reason for selecting the SQL server is the TCP/IP pipes. TCP/IP pipes technology is very efficient on network as compare to the traditional TCP/IP packets. Programming Environments An appropriate programming environment is required for the system development. The programming tool must be capable to develop the graphical user interface to display the understandable output to the end user. In the ENB project the end user will the system administrator. It has been selected that MS SQL Server will be used to store the Database so the Programming tool must be able to interact with the MS SQL database. The chosen language should include support for object-oriented implementations. Booch (1998) stated Each object can be viewed as an independent little machine with a distinct role or responsibility [20]. Objected oriented language would allow efficient data parsing. The development in the high level programming tool is simpler than coding in the low level programming environment. Indeed high level programming tool reduces the cost of development as well the time spent on coding. Some of the programming environments are analyzed in the detail. Java Java is an object oriented programming language, developed by Sun Microsystems [21]. Java is a well accepted high-level language. ICN students study java during the firs

The Accumulation of Slack :: Slacking Slack Slacker papers

The Accumulation of Slack I want to begin with an apology. This paper may be little more than a tissue of puns punctuated by obscure cultural texts. It was composed quickly: after a late cancellation from this panel, I volunteered to pick up the slack. (Yes, that was the first pun.) Now, in proper Freudian fashion, I will follow that apology with an accusation: in 2003, the topic of "slacker culture" sounds dangerously close to out of date, or at least out of fashion. We critics must have become slackers ourselves, content to re-analyze stale fads when we ought to be braving untrammeled new ground with the gender politics of Eminem, or the fetish scene of "American Idol." But fortunately things are not so simple. There is an advantage to a certain historical distance taken from one's subject, as it is especially easy for cultural criticism to get caught up in fad-chasing. Rather than striving for a tauter, tighter connection to the current moment, then, let's enjoy the historical slack that has already accumulated between "slacker culture" and ourselves. If we wish to create "more a description of men than manners" (35), then for us as newly outdated slacker scholars the same doctrine applies that Sir Walter Scott famously gave about the setting of his Waverley: "Considering the disadvantages inseparable from this part of my subject, I must be understood to have resolved to avoid them as much as possible" (35). Unlike Scott we may not do this "by throwing the force of my narrative upon the characters and passions of the actors" (35) as Scott did. Instead, let's fix for a moment on a question. What is "slack"? What is this substance that those devilishly ironic slackers so earnestly want to accumulate? What are the structural characteristics of slack, considered as a substance circulated in a metaphorical or real economy? Should we seek slack, or avoid it? It seems to me that this set of questions is the best way to approach a political and economic evaluation of the slacker phenomenon. I want to suggest a few answers by reading different representations of the economy of slack, along with some familiar Marxist cultural criticism. The question of the political economy of slack is an excellent example of a broader dynamic in cultural studies, in that the initially tempting, apparently orthodox cultural-studies reading of slack (which I am about to construct) will turn out to be precisely wrong in its zeal to construe slack as a form of liberation.

1984. vs. Animal Farm Essay

1984 vs. Animal Farm George Orwell, the man behind two best-selling novels; 1984 and Animal Farm, follows the idea that the establishment of an elite power in a society produces hopelessness and fear. George Orwell is an author commonly known for his politically influenced works regarding socialism. In Animal Farm, Orwell portrayed an uprise of the farm animals overthrowing their master, Mr. Jones. Two pigs led the animals in this rebellion; their names were Snowball and Napoleon. The two pigs engaged in a political struggle, as both of them wanted to have the power to lead all of the animals. In 1984, Orwell describes a society that is completely under totalitarian control, as the dictatorship of big brother and his party in Oceania rule over the population with rigid laws and a distinct hierarchy of social position. Winston Smith, a blue-collar outer party member, is secretly discontent with his life. As Smith becomes more and more rebellious, his party intervenes and forces him to rehabilitate and conform to their ideals. In George Orwell’s 1984 and Animal Farm, the idea of individuality and free thought is eliminated in order to preserve a spot for a higher and more authorative power. Individuality is taken from the characters in both of the novels, Animal Farm and 1984. In 1984, the outer party is blind to the reality that their lives are being completely controlled. An example of this ignorance is when the outer party is told that their chocolate rations had been increased, when in actuality the rations had been reduced the week prior. The party’s successful assault on the individuality of its members led to happiness amongst the leaders and a gain in power. In Animal Farm, Orwell displayed the idea that a simple mental state of mind can easily be manipulated. The pigs controlled the animals and made them believe that everything they said was correct. The pigs proved this theory when they repeatedly changed the  seven commandments. When they were questioned, they reported to the animals that the â€Å"laws† had always been in their changed condition. Napoleon uses the terror brought on by the dogs to rule the farm and none of the animals realize it. Both the party and the pigs demonstrated that it is possible to abolish individuality and force people to live the life that is placed before them. George Orwell successfully portrayed the lives of people who were under complete tolitarian control in the books Animal Farm and 1984. The pigs and the party were able to gain control over their commoners by using manipulation and fear. Orwell shows the reader that it is easy to be taken advantage of in these two novels.

Separation of a Mixture of Solids

Separation of a Mixture of Solids My Flow Chart First remove iron filings with magnet since this is the only substance in the mixture that it is magnetic and will be attracted to a magnet. Second remove the sand by adding the mixture to hot water, which the other two substances are soluble. Third remove the benzoic acid since this is less soluble in cold than salt by cooling the mixture in the heated water. This will then leave the table salt behind in the water as the last substance. Observations Data Table 1: Experiment Data| Grams (g)| Percent of Mixture (%)| Initial Mixture| 6. 5| 100| Iron Filings| 1. 8| 27. 69| Sand| 1. 7| 26. 15| Table Salt| 1. 9| 29. 23| Benzoic Acid| 0. 8| 12. 31| Combined Total| 6. 2| 95. 38| Questions A. How did your proposed procedures or flow charts at the beginning of this experiment compare to the actual procedures of this lab exercise? My proposed flow chart was very close to that of the actual lab exercise. The only step that I did not include was le tting the water evaporate to find isolate the table salt.I suppose I was thinking that it would be estimated by process of elimination. However, I can now that this would not accurately show that true weight and is therefore not scientific. B. Discuss potential advantages or disadvantages of your proposed procedure compared to the one actually used. The disadvantage of my flow chart would be that although the end numbers would be closer to the original mass of the mixture, it would not accurately represent the correct percentages and would not account correctly show the rror that occurred during the process. C. How would you explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the original sand percentage? I would explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the original sand percentage from water that could still be let in the sand if it has not been given the proper time to fully dry. However, the a small amount of table salt and benzoic acid particle were also left be hind in the small amount of water that needed to be dried out of the sand and could account for the higher percentage.D. What were potential sources of error in this experiment? I think that the largest potential for error is in the transfer and handling of the substances. Small particles were left behind in the original weighing dish, graduated cylinder and cup that were not able to be transferred. Human error, like spilling small amount of the mixture in transfer, and mechanical error, like a miscalculated calibration of the scale, could also be sources of error. Separation of a Mixture of Solids Separation of a Mixture of Solids My Flow Chart First remove iron filings with magnet since this is the only substance in the mixture that it is magnetic and will be attracted to a magnet. Second remove the sand by adding the mixture to hot water, which the other two substances are soluble. Third remove the benzoic acid since this is less soluble in cold than salt by cooling the mixture in the heated water. This will then leave the table salt behind in the water as the last substance. Observations Data Table 1: Experiment Data| Grams (g)| Percent of Mixture (%)| Initial Mixture| 6. 5| 100| Iron Filings| 1. 8| 27. 69| Sand| 1. 7| 26. 15| Table Salt| 1. 9| 29. 23| Benzoic Acid| 0. 8| 12. 31| Combined Total| 6. 2| 95. 38| Questions A. How did your proposed procedures or flow charts at the beginning of this experiment compare to the actual procedures of this lab exercise? My proposed flow chart was very close to that of the actual lab exercise. The only step that I did not include was le tting the water evaporate to find isolate the table salt.I suppose I was thinking that it would be estimated by process of elimination. However, I can now that this would not accurately show that true weight and is therefore not scientific. B. Discuss potential advantages or disadvantages of your proposed procedure compared to the one actually used. The disadvantage of my flow chart would be that although the end numbers would be closer to the original mass of the mixture, it would not accurately represent the correct percentages and would not account correctly show the rror that occurred during the process. C. How would you explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the original sand percentage? I would explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the original sand percentage from water that could still be let in the sand if it has not been given the proper time to fully dry. However, the a small amount of table salt and benzoic acid particle were also left be hind in the small amount of water that needed to be dried out of the sand and could account for the higher percentage.D. What were potential sources of error in this experiment? I think that the largest potential for error is in the transfer and handling of the substances. Small particles were left behind in the original weighing dish, graduated cylinder and cup that were not able to be transferred. Human error, like spilling small amount of the mixture in transfer, and mechanical error, like a miscalculated calibration of the scale, could also be sources of error.

History of Benjamin Banneker High School Essays - Free Essays

History of Benjamin Banneker High School Essays - Free Essays Howard University College of Dentistry Dental Hygiene Department School Based Program Benjamin Banneker Academic High School Nicole Johnson 82409-406-01/Dental Health Education Methods Professor Dawn Smith 09/06/2015 School Based Program History of Benjamin Banneker High School Originally, Benjamin Banneker, in August 1981, opened its doors as an alternative public institution of secondary education. Named after the districts renowned surveyor on the six-man team, which helped design, the blueprints for Washington, DC. President Washington appointed Banneker, making him the first Black presidential appointee in the United States. Banneker provided aid in selecting the sites for the U.S. Capitol building, the U.S. Treasury building, the White House and other Federal buildings. Banneker is ranked number 2 with the districts public school system. The school is designed to provide students with a highly structured college preparatory program. The curriculum of the school affords opportunities for developing knowledge, skills needed for success in post-secondary experiences. Population and Demographics The primary purpose of Benjamin Banneker Academic High School is to serve those students of the District of Columbia who desire a highly structured four-year academic program of study beginning at the ninth grade level. The demographics of Benjamin Banneker are diverse in nature; a large percentage of the student population is labeled as black with a total number of students estimated at 450. 9th Grade10th Grade11th Grade12th Grade 1428897103 Student Selection The selection of each students focuses on factors such as; total record of academic achievement; grade level achievement reflected by standardized test scores; strong recommendations from the principal and supporting teachers and staff; and a student and parent interview. Experiences gained through this enrollment process will allow students to participate in a rigorous college preparatory curriculum. Once the selection committee has proposed a list of accepted students, the students must undergo placement testing. They must also attend the Benjamin Banneker Summer Institute prior to entering the academic school year. Curriculum The Benjamin Banneker Academic High School is one of the District's International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Program sites and offers Pre-IB, Advanced Placement (AP) and its own summer institute as additional rigorous academic options. Students are supported by a variety of character building extracurricular activities. The intended curriculum is a college preparatory program, which includes the Advanced Placement (AP) and honors courses, that require twenty-six (26) Carnegie units for graduation and the International Baccalaureate Program (IB) requires twenty-eight and a half (28.5). Each student is also required to complete a minimum of 270 hours of volunteer service over a four-year period. In addition to high-level coursework in the core subject areas, the curriculum includes a unique philosophy course called Theory of Knowledge, a research project called the Extended Essay, and requirements in the areas of creativity, action and service. Health Care Curriculum The office of the State Superintendent of Education (OOSE) has mandated that each school have a health profile form that states the details of their wellness and fitness program. Banneker has one full time nurse, part time mental health clinician, as well as a full time qualified health teacher, who also serves as the physical education teacher. All, approx.450 students are required to complete the health education course at the school. According to the OOSE the following curriculum is offered as part of the required high school health education program: 1.Health Promotion and Disease Prevention - where the students comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention. 2.Access to and Evaluation of Health Information where the students demonstrate the ability to access and evaluate health information, products, and services. 3.Self-Management Skills where the students demonstrate the ability to apply self-management skills to enhance personal health and safety. 4.Analyzing Influences where the students demonstrate the ability to analyze the influence of family, culture, media, and technology on health and health behaviors. 5.Interpersonal Communication where the students demonstrate the ability to utilize interpersonal communication skills to enhance and protect health. 6.Decision-Making and Goal Setting where students demonstrate the ability to implement decision-making and goal-setting skills to enhance health. Also apart of their Wellness and Fitness program is the incorporation of the Brainfood program. Brainfood builds life skills and promotes healthy living to provide high school aged youth the opportunity to learn about cooking, nutrition, and community service. Brainfood encourages the youth to take healthy risks, learn new skills,

The Art of Film Acting †Acting for the Camera (200 Level Course)

The Art of Film Acting – Acting for the Camera (200 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers The Art of Film Acting Acting for the Camera (200 Level Course) SUBTEXT Subtext is what you really are saying regardless of what your lines are saying. It is the true meaning underneath dialogue, and it is what you communicate when you talk to anyone in the film. Subtext is that unspoken communication by way of your emotions or feelings. Regardless of what your script lines are, subtext is what you really mean and what the audience is watching. Through the subtext, the audience discovers your relationship to the other actors, and only when you are relating to each other can there be useful subtext. You communicate subtext through your tone of voice, body language, looks and emotions. Subtext is an undercurrent that allows the audience to understand what is really going on between the actors. The FIVE ARTS OF FILM ACTING The five arts of film acting are the Art of Concentration, the Art of Not Knowing, the Art of Acceptance, the Art of Giving and Receiving and the Art of Relating. Jeremiah Comey –actor/director/tutor The Art of Concentration Focuses your attention, not on yourself but on the emotions of the other actor. Concentration is knowing where to place your attention. The Art of Not Knowing allows you the experience everything for the ‘first’ time. Not knowing keeps you alert and aware. The Art of Acceptance allows you to completely believe both the other actor and the imaginary circumstances without pretending. In the Art of Giving and Receiving you give your emotional experience to the other actor and are receptive through feedback. The art of giving and receiving stimulates genuine feelings. The Art of Relating is responding to an actor, object or situation verbally, nonverbally or physically. STUDYING ACTORS PERFORMANCE IN FILM Watch the Whole Film After watching the complete film, study the performances in selected scenes one at a time. The more times you look at a scene, the more you will see. Listen to the dialogue. If you have a copy of the screenplay script, read the scene. Study each performer separately. Determine the emotion each one is feeling. Does it Change? When? Be Specific. Are they listening? Are they practising the ‘Art of Knowing’? When? Does acceptance of the other character and circumstances colour the actor’s performance? Are both actors Giving Receiving? How? Are they physical with each other? Does giving and Receiving add to the relationship? Are they Relating? Now, with the sound turned off, view the selected scene. Notice what is really happening between the actors, not what the dialogue says is happening. View the selected scene again with the sound turned on. Research Papers on The Art of Film Acting - Acting for the Camera (200 Level Course)Where Wild and West MeetHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThree Concepts of PsychodynamicThe Spring and AutumnResearch Process Part OneMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Phrasal Verb Focus about Money for English Learners

Phrasal Verb Focus about Money for English Learners As you know, native speakers of English tend to use a lot of phrasal verbs (sometimes called prepositional, multi-word verb, verbs) in everyday spoken English. In the area of money, there are many, many phrasal verbs about money that are used in both formal and informal situations. Read this short paragraph using  phrasal verbs about money in context. Next, find the definitions below to help you with understanding. Money, Money, Phrasal Verbs about Money! Well, last week I finally  dipped into  that money that I had been  putting aside  for the past year and a half. I decided that I should really enjoy myself so I  splashed out  and had a great meal at Andys. Next, I went to Macys on Saturday and  laid out  $400 for that suit Id told you about. Of course, I used a great deal of what I  had saved up  to  pay back  that bill I had  run up  on my Visa card. It feels great to finally have some money after all those years of  scraping by. Thanks again for  tiding me over  during that long winter of 05. I dont think I would have  got by  without your  bailing me out.Unfortunately, I also had to  cough up  about $250 in insurance costs. Oh well, I guess  shelling out  the cash for those things is just as necessary as anything else... Phrasal Verbs about Money Spending Money lay out - to spend money. especially a large amount splash out - to spend a lot of money on something you dont need, but is very pleasant run up - to create a large debt fork out, fork over - to pay for something, usually something you would rather not have to pay for. shell out - to pay for something, usually something you would rather not have to pay for. cough up - to provide money for something you do not want to Having Just Enough Money get by - to have just enough money for your needs scrape by - to manage to live on very little money Helping Someone with Money bail out - to help a person or organization out of a difficult situation tide over - to help someone with money for a period of time until they have enough Paying Debts pay back - to return money owed to someone pay off - to finish paying all money that is owed Saving Money save up - to keep money for a large expense in the future put aside - to save money for a specific purpose Using Saved Money   dip into - to spend part of your saved money break into - to start to use money that you have saved Here is a practice dialogue using some of the above vocabulary. More on Learning Phrasal Verbs If you are unfamiliar with phrasal verbs, this guide to  what are phrasal verbs  explains everything. Teachers can use this introducing  phrasal verbs lesson plan  to help students become more familiar with phrasal verbs and start building phrasal verb vocabulary. Finally, there are a wide variety of  phrasal verb resources  on the site to help you learn new phrasal verbs and test your understanding with quizzes. One last tip Make sure that when you are studying new verbs in the dictionary to read the  entire  entry. Dont just learn the main verb; take time to look at the phrasal verbs that are constructed using the verb. This will save you a lot of time in the long run. Believe me, if you havent been to an English speaking country, chances are that one of the biggest difficulties for you will be understanding phrasal verb usage. If you already live in a country where English is the primary language you certainly have already experienced this.

2) Critically analysis the relationship between new forms of workspace Essay

2) Critically analysis the relationship between new forms of workspace architecture and focus on the style visibility in the new economy - Essay Example It also involves the ability to view things that are beyond the four walls. The main focus of this paper is to analyse the relationship between work space architecture and work space visibility. The relationship that exists between workspace architect and workspace visibility is that workspace architect mainly involve the relationship that exists between humans and space, it is exhibited inform of houses offices and other forms of structure to which humans work in. On the other hand visibility is the composition of what exists within the four walls of the work space architecture. This involves both the things that can be observed within the walls and those beyond the walls. Both workspace architect and workspace visibility are based upon the principle of â€Å"Build to Last†. This is because most architectural workspaces are not only built to make money but they are also built to create a lifetime impression. It is also to act as a legacy to remember someone when they die (Costea, 2014). Workspace architecture not only aims at creating working, living and moving environments but it also creates environments that are suitable for our own personalities, correspond to our sense, stimulates our minds and gives us the inspiration and motivation to work. This aims at not only good working conditions but also causes an improvement in the general outcome. But for a workspace architecture to fully satisfy the intended needs, it should be used hand in hand with workspace visibility, if the workspace visibility is easy to manage and solves the specific problems it was intended to solve then the workspace architecture will have a good visibility hence it would be effective in the new economy(Kumar, 2007). The workspace architecture should be cost effective and economical; it should have the ability to integrate easily into the business

Corking of life Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corking of life - Term Paper Example It is what makes a person unique and governs how a person grew in the womb and how they appear in old age. Until then, a few people had the chance to see their genome and understand it. The movie proceeds to analyze how the genome sequence can be extracted cheaply and affordable to anyone. A number of persons with genetic disorders like Alexis who fell down most of the time got assisted with whole genome sequencing. There exists the possibility of integrating a person’s genetic sequence into Smartphone or tablet. The tablet gives a report when booted of a person’s genetic code on thousands of genes that spell out a person’s body instructions (Cracking the Code of Life 00: 47). The genes, when deciphered, reveal a persons risk for one disease after another, the ones a person can get and the inheritable ones. Getting the knowledge of person’s genome characteristics helps them understand the living processes, intervene, and take control of their life’s unprecedented events. In future, the video reveals a new kind of personalized medicine based on their genetic code, one that predicts risks of diseases, and enable prevention of these diseases with the information before they appear. The movie reveals a story of Andrew, a stroke patient. Andrew is a five-year-old child who has no idea of his condition. The condition started with high fevers and joint pains. A stroke then followed in July, which was his first. He had another two instances of suffering a stroke in October and another in November. The November stroke required a brain surgery. After the surgery, Andrew still got a fifth stroke. Andrews’s parents have contacted a number of health specialists, but none of them has been able to diagnose Andrews’s condition based on the symptoms. The health specialists prescribed Andrew with immune-suppressing steroids and chemotherapy, which he visits irregularly, but none seems to work out. Andrews’s pediatrician, Dr. Vora Sheetal, at the

Caring For A Pregnant Woman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Caring For A Pregnant Woman - Essay Example Alternatively, communication skills are vital as a learning nurse because it helps the pregnant patient in maintaining her personal hygiene and attending prenatal services. Offering the patient a consistent healthcare review including other care plans is fundamental to improve their social welfare especially during medication (Gates & Barr, 2009). Continued good health can also be enhanced through constant daily encouragement, therapy, and treatment that matches the patient’s needs. This should involve other professionals such as social workers, speech therapists, and physiotherapists. 2.Advanced Labor However, in the case of advanced labor, as a learning disability nurse, I would involve other fellow nurses with different specialties. In other words, my first reaction would be to seek for external assistance to effectively facilitate the birth of the baby. Additionally, I would examine the patient's mental and physical well-being to reduce other existing barriers that could interfere with the unborn child. Therefore, in helping the birth of the baby, arranging for emergency missions while providing social care is critical to assist in tests and evaluations. Considering the evidence-based outcome in regards to individual care ensures that the delivery of the placenta and membranes match the health care needs and objectives of the pregnant woman. Putting the patient through anxiety management programs and behavior sessions aids in reducing nervousness that could interfere with the advanced labor (Hannon & Clift, 2010).

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 45

History - Essay Example The New England colonies of New Hampshire and Connecticut had a low degree of diversity with 70% of the population being Europeans while the middle colonies were the most diverse colonies with no ethnic community that formed a majority (Grigg 54). Notably, the new wave of newcomers to these New England colonies brought in new cultures to the region that initially was occupied by the red Indians. Though the influx of immigrants into the American colonies almost engulfed the Indian communities, the communities were not integrated into any of the cultures. The interaction of the people with distinct ethnic backgrounds did not result to a change in the cultures that was quite distinct from the one they had when they came to America. This is because the ethnic clannishness of the diverse groups of people disallowed any cohesive regional culture from developing. Therefore, the colonial American society was a multicultural place (Grigg 82-88). The diversity of the population in colonial America also led to the economic development of the region. This is because they affected the labor market and economic growth. The diverse populations that came into colonial America engaged in economic activities. The British, French, Dutch, Italians and Swedish engaged in farming and trade of products such as coffee, tea, tobacco, ribbons, glassware (Grigg 89). Clothing, ceramics and linen. In the southern colonies such as the Georgia, trade proliferated and shops developed. Notably, the British in the Georgian colony engaged in commercial agricultural activities between 1720 and 1770 and the products gathered at the American colonial cities such as New York awaiting exportation (Grigg 91-95). In 1720’s, the value of exports was more than 65 million pounds annually. However, the value of exports increased to 100 million pounds by 1770’s. The export trade resulted to the development of the cities in the colony. For instance , Philadelphia developed to be

Nazi Leadership Pictured in the Black Book Term Paper

Nazi Leadership Pictured in the Black Book - Term Paper Example In the time of its release, it indeed was the most expensive Dutch film that ever existed as well as the most commercially successful film in the Netherlands. The film stands out more realistic depiction of some history. It has been used to offer the conventional wisdom that the Dutch and the resistance were the heroes while the Germans with the Dutch sympathizers were eventually the villains. Additionally, the film acts as a magnificent cross in the business and art. It has been such an entertaining film that appeals the audience from the professors down to the shop assistants which remains worthwhile for many years. During the final years of the World War II, a beautiful woman singer Rachel Stein finds refuge with the Tsjempkema family in the rural part of the Holland. She waits out the war just like any other Jew in Europe as a popular and a wealthy singer. Separated from the family with some moment away from being captured by the Gestapo, her temporary house is destroyed by the Allied bomber in fire by a German fighter where she is left in the arms of Michel Huisman-Rob a very sympathetic boy who promises Rachel’s safety in the period. The following morning Rob helps Rachel to her contact in the town helping that she will be assisted in finding her family to escape across in the liberated territory (Harris 123). On arrival at home, Mr. Smaal with the wife Diana Dobbleman who is a compassionate lawyer having worked secretly in helping the Jews to escape from Holland, reluctantly arranges that Rachel joins the family and crosses the enemy lines in the allied territory, marking her name i n a little leather notebook. In the period of the dangerous crossing, the German troops ambushed the boat whereby the Nazi kills the boat passengers ruthlessly but Rachel narrowly escapes jumping overboard in a river.

Technology and Mass Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technology and Mass Media - Essay Example 53). The five components of intimate relational ties basically guide the person to adjust to the subsequent changes brought about by old age. The stronger relational factor to define success of family ties in the later life might be commitment. In the absence of all the good things brought by youth, the feeling of accountability for another person is one of the few things that make the bond of the ties stay as it is. Commitment is especially important because without it, it would be somehow impossible to exhibit deep feelings and expressions of caring and compassion. On the other hand, the other components play their roles individually but serve with the same purpose; to strengthen family ties even in the later life. For example, the preference of close proximity of the elderly to their children and grandchildren poses willingness to perform duties despite their old age, such as baby sitting. Reference Connids, I.A. (2009). Family ties and aging. CA: Fine Forge Press.

Nazi Leadership Pictured in the Black Book Term Paper

Nazi Leadership Pictured in the Black Book - Term Paper Example In the time of its release, it indeed was the most expensive Dutch film that ever existed as well as the most commercially successful film in the Netherlands. The film stands out more realistic depiction of some history. It has been used to offer the conventional wisdom that the Dutch and the resistance were the heroes while the Germans with the Dutch sympathizers were eventually the villains. Additionally, the film acts as a magnificent cross in the business and art. It has been such an entertaining film that appeals the audience from the professors down to the shop assistants which remains worthwhile for many years. During the final years of the World War II, a beautiful woman singer Rachel Stein finds refuge with the Tsjempkema family in the rural part of the Holland. She waits out the war just like any other Jew in Europe as a popular and a wealthy singer. Separated from the family with some moment away from being captured by the Gestapo, her temporary house is destroyed by the Allied bomber in fire by a German fighter where she is left in the arms of Michel Huisman-Rob a very sympathetic boy who promises Rachel’s safety in the period. The following morning Rob helps Rachel to her contact in the town helping that she will be assisted in finding her family to escape across in the liberated territory (Harris 123). On arrival at home, Mr. Smaal with the wife Diana Dobbleman who is a compassionate lawyer having worked secretly in helping the Jews to escape from Holland, reluctantly arranges that Rachel joins the family and crosses the enemy lines in the allied territory, marking her name i n a little leather notebook. In the period of the dangerous crossing, the German troops ambushed the boat whereby the Nazi kills the boat passengers ruthlessly but Rachel narrowly escapes jumping overboard in a river.

Hospital improves patient case with data warehouse Study

Hospital improves patient with data warehouse - Case Study Example What this paper aims to achieve is develop an understanding of various economic theories in order to be able to explain the readers about various advancements being made in the world economy. Let’s start off by taking one side of the coin and discussing it in detail before moving on to the other one (Dean). The theory of Realism concentrates on shedding light on the way various roles played by various States around the globe in determining the trend of the international political economy. Moreover, it also focuses on the relation between the level of power possessed by a State and/or a group and how it affects the international economic trend. The supporters of Realism are often referred to as mercantilists or economic nationalists. What’s rather interesting about this school of thought is the fact that they believe that States across the globe find their motivation as the level of power they possess gets maximized. They further believe that power maximization is achieved through the help of international trade, and in this regard international trade policies are one of the many tools that can be put to use by States. Economic analysts who are supporters of Realism are of the view that the global economy works on terms which are majorly based on the interests and motives of powe rful States existing world over (Jonathan and Wight). The second theory that we are focusing upon here is the Marxist theory. This theory was invented by Karl Marx along with his friend and fellow co-author, Fredrick Angles. As mentioned earlier this theory mainly focuses upon differences in various social classes and motives of different workers. Karl Marx, or rather the Marxism theory seems to argue upon the fact that the existing conflict between the workers and owners of capital could only be amicably resolved provided the working class seize their power. Marxism theory

Perceptions About Quality Of Life And Health Promotion Nursing Essay

Perceptions About Quality Of Life And Health Promotion Nursing Essay Quality of life could be defined as a measure of an individual wellbeing. In health care quality of life is used to refer to a patients wellbeing. It is a measure of the patients emotion, physical and social condition. Quality of life may be affected by the physical and emotional surrounding of a patient. It is also a measure of their ability to do their ordinary everyday tasks. Quality of life is important in holistic nursing (Volkman Marian 2005). Holistic nursing is a type of nursing specialty that emphasizes on the whole wellbeing of a patient. Holistic nursing goes beyond diagnosis of the patients disease. It creates a bond between the nurse and the patient. The nurse offers alternative treatments that help the patient to get better. Quality of life has a varying description from person to person. It is important for a nurse to have a positive perspective towards quality of life and health promotion. It is very important when taking care of a dying patient with a lingering illness such as cancer. This is because the perception that one has affects the way one takes care of their patients. If a patient is well taken care of they have a higher survival rate as opposed to a poorly taken care of patient. The care accorded to patients affects their happiness and general wellbeing. It is also important to have a positive perspective towards quality of life since it affects the patients emotional, physical and social condition, this makes it important since holistic nursing it is important to understand a patients emotions and social. (Volkman Marian, 2005). Health promotion is also important since dying patient with a lingering illness such as cancer need to be encouraged to practice healthy lifestyles like diets, exercising and avoiding alcohol and smoking. A good perspective toward health promotion is important since it helps in increasing a patients quality of life and makes the condition they are suffering from manageable. Strategies to improve the quality of life for Mrs. Thomas and her husband Quality of life is very important for a patient like Mrs. Thomas. It is important so as to make her life worth living. Below are three strategies that could be used to improve Mrs. Thomas quality of life.The first and most important strategy in improving the quality of life of Mrs. Thomas is the basic aspect of self. Mrs. Thomas should be encouraged to first look at her life and appreciate it. By looking and appreciating herself she should be encouraged to look at her personal health, hygiene and nutrition. This will help her with fighting the effects of her cancer. She should also be encouraged to exercise every day. She should not ignore her physical appearance and she should be encouraged to look and feel beautiful daily. This will help in dealing with her condition. She should also be encouraged to exercise her spiritual beliefs. The strategy involves encouraging her to have sometime in the day for personal reflection and meditation. Its important for her to be able to spend some time alone and listen to her thoughts. Without personal reflection the other strategies cannot work. Mrs. Thomas should be encouraged to meditate to find out what makes her happy. She should be encouraged to focus on aspects of her life that give her satisfaction for example her husband or children. Being happy is a sure way of improved quality of life. It would be important for Mrs. Thomas to rate events that occur to her and she should repeat those that made her happy. She should be encouraged to do something bold for herself. She should find in herself to do something she has never done or she has always wanted to do. This will increase her satisfaction and ultimately her quality of life. The second strategy would be finding a place she belongs. This involve having a social life and going outside. It is important for the Mrs. Thomas to have a sense of belonging. This can be given by Mr. Thomas and her children. Her children should be encouraged to visit their mother even though it hurts them to see her in pain. It is important for Mrs. Thomas since it gives her a sense of belonging and satisfaction. It also creates a kind of connection in the family. It is also important for Mr. Thomas to go outside. The fresh air is important in improving her quality of life (Nussbaum, Craven, Amartya Sen, 1993). The third strategy is to reduce and eliminate her stress. By eliminating stress it is possible to improve Mrs. Thomas quality of life. The most effective way to eliminate her stress is by encouraging her and her husband to engage themselves in activities that are relaxing. Relaxation is the best key to stress reduction. Relaxation activities maybe like board games, walks, family visits and encouraging conversations. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas should also be encouraged not to have broken thoughts. Broken thoughts are one of the leading sources of stress. By having no broken thoughts stress levels will be reduced and ultimately the quality of life will be increased. Holistic Nursing Action Plan Appropriate for Managing Mrs. Thomass Care At Home Functional ability in cancer patients is highly affected due to the effects of cancer treatment to their bodies. These effects include: fatigue, nausea, vomiting, pain, and infections. Some of the effects are psychological for example emotional weakness and stress. All this factors lead to reduced functional ability of the patient (Ettinger, 2008). So as to increase the functional ability of Mrs. Thomas it is important for her to have a proper diet. Mrs. Thomas should lead a life governed by a strict diet which should mainly consist of: whole foods, fruits, vegetables, protein, dairy products, and healthy fat. Fruits and greens should be the most important part of her diet. A proper diet is important so that her body can have enough energy to carry out her day to day duties. Proper diet improves her physical wellbeing and makes her healthy. A strict is also very important so as to avoid other diseases like heart diseases and opportunistic infections. This is because proper diet increases her immunity. Mrs. Thomas should do daily exercises. She should engage in daily aerobic and cardio therapy exercises. Its important for her to work out since it boosts her bodys immunity and makes her stronger. Walks around the neighborhood and activities like swimming are also very encouraged. Exercising helps to increase Mrs. Thomas bodys metabolism and will also keeps her trim and in good shape despite her illness. This will increase her functional ability. It is important for Mrs. Thomas to have a loving and supporting husband and family. Her family should take proper care of her by showing her love and affection. This will psychologically makes her feel better, healthier and will increase her functional ability. (Nussbaum M. Craven, Amartya K. Sen. 1993) Mrs. Thomas should avoid alcohol and tobacco smoking. It is very easy for depressed patients and loved ones to get addicted to alcohol. It is important not to drink alcohol and smoke since it does more bad than good. Ways to provide care for Mrs. Thomas once self-care is no longer possible Once self care is no longer possible its important to provide care for Mrs. Thomas since she cant care for herself. Ways of providing care have been discussed below. Since Mrs. Thomas cannot take care of herself it would be important to help around the house when one can. Helping out may include cleaning the house, clothes and dishes. As discussed above hygiene is important so it would be important to help Mrs. Thomas around. Since she cannot take care of herself it would be important to keep track of her hospital appointments. It would also be important to accompany her to the hospital visits. One should know all the medications and dosages of the medicine she is taking. It is important to keep track of the patients treatment and knowing whether the patient has taken her medicine. It is also good to understand the side effects that come with cancer treatments. As discussed earlier the side effects include nausea, vomiting, pain and fatigue. (Ettinger S. 2008) One should also keep a journal of Mrs. Thomas condition. As discussed earlier Mrs. Thomas should be encouraged to keep a record of things that make her happy and how she is feeling. Its good practice to keep Mrs. Thomas company. She needs all the emotional support she can get and should never be alone. Emotional support goes a long way. One should be supportive and encouraging. One should tell Mrs. Thomas inspiring stories of cancer survivors. A book on cancer survivors would be good for Mrs. Thomas. When talking to Mrs. Thomas it is important to remind her of the power of prayer and spiritual relief. So as to care for her a support group made up of close friends and family should be constituted. The group should be concerned with helping Mrs. Thomas during her treatment period. A fund raiser should be organized so as to raise funds for supporting Mrs. Thomas through her treatment. The management of Mr. Thomass chronic depression. So as to treat and manage Mr. Thomass chronic depression it would be important to advice him to see a psychotherapy and to use medication such as antidepressants. Mr. Thomas could also join a support group for people suffering from chronic depression. The first step towards dealing with Mr. Thomass problem would be him going to a doctor and having a correct diagnosis of his problem. Psychotherapy is a form of therapy that is used to treat and manage chronic depression. It would help Mr. Thomas to cope with his condition. It can be in the form of doctor to patient therapy, group therapy or family therapy. There is a wide range of medication available for the treatment of chronic depression. Mr. Thomas should have a doctor diagnose his condition and prescribe the medication. The doctor can also prescribe alternative treatment for chronic depression. The doctor might prescribe mood stabilizing drugs. Mr. Thomas must also have a strict diet; he should exercise more often and should have a social life. It is important to be social so as to be able to manage chronic depression.

The Tempest as Shakespeares Resignation Speech -- Tempest essays

The Tempest as Shakespeare's Resignation Speech      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeare's, The Tempest, the character Prospero is in many ways similar to Shakespeare himself at the time he wrote the play.   Prospero, having entertained himself with his magic for most of his life, now gives up his powers as he seems to understand that his magic is no more and no less than life itself :   it is just as transitory and hollow.   This seems to reflect on Shakespeare's attitude toward play writing.   Having spent his life writing plays and being entertained by his own employment, Shakespeare finds that his plays, while they explore the themes of life and relationship, are finally no more meaningful than life itself seems to a man who must have been feeling his mortality.   The Tempest is Shakespeare's resignation speech.   Having found that his 'magic' has failed him, Shakespeare is retiring to the real world, for if nothing of meaning is to be gained in play writing, then all that is left is to be human.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   First, look at Prospero's final decision in the play.   He is capable of returning to Milan and ruling it while keeping his magical power - he does not have to choose between the two - and he abandons his power.   Just as Shakespeare was not forced to quit writing, Prospero is not forced to abandon his magic.   In addition, Shakespeare specifically has Prospero tell us : "My charms crack not, my spirits obey, ..." ( V.i 2 ).   Shakespeare means to tell the audience he is not quitting because his ability as a writer is lessening at all, but specifically tells us through Prospero that he is at his peak and is completely in command of his art.   There is no other obvious thematic or plot-development reason why Prospero should specifically ... ...total lack of morality, or Hotspur's view of absolute honor, had some doubt to it, or could be thought of differently.   Prospero's argument here is irrefutable.   Nothing he presents is in any way 'iffy' or doubtable.   This is Shakespeare's final conclusion : plays, like life, fade into nothing, and nothing is left worth doing but to be what we are: human, and mortal.    Works Cited and Consulted:    Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare's The Tempest. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1997.    Davidson, Frank. "The Tempest: An Interpretation." In The Tempest: A Casebook. Ed. D.J. Palmer. London: Macmillan & Co. Ltd., 1968. 225.    Shakespeare, William, 1998.   The Tempest.   Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1998    Webster, Margaret. Shakespeare Without Tears. Greenwich: Fawcett Publications, Inc., 1996.

Free College Essays - Use of Imagery in Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Othello

Use of Imagery in Othello  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare's Othello, the use of imagery and metaphors is significant in conveying meaning as it helps to establish the dramatic atmosphere of the play and reinforce the main themes. Through this, the audience is able to grasp a better understanding of the play. Throughout Othello, images relating to poison frequently occur. These references are predominantly made by Iago. This seems appropriate for Iago who exhibits the characteristics of poison; they being fatal and deadly. There are several possible explanations to what motivates Iago: being overlooked for the lieutenancy, the belief that Othello and Cassio had committed adultery with his wife, though this is never really proved; class differences present in the society that made him feel inferior, and racial differences. This desire for revenge is so great it "doth, like a poisonous mineral, gnaw [his] inwards." Iago's use of language is a primary weapon in manipulating Othello. By "pour[ing] this pestilence into his ear", Iago contaminates his thoughts. Once Othello starts to doubt Desdemona's fidelity, he is so incredibly driven by jealousy that it leads him to murder her, ironically with poison. Many references are made to animals in the play. Iago uses beast imagery to express his contempt and to downgrade those he despises. Early in Act 1, he rouses Brabantio's anger by using crude images of animals fornicating to inform him that his "daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs." Such a metaphor is designed to evoke a strong emotional response. In a soliloquy at the conclusion of Act One, Iago says "It is engendered. Hell and night / Must bring this monstrous birth to the world's light." Shakespeare uses the image of a monster being born as a metaphor for the start of Iago's evil scheming. It also becomes evident that Othello's mind has been corrupted by Iago's evil handiwork when he too starts to use the same sort of animal imagery in his speech. In one scene, convinced of his wife's infidelity, Othello loses all self-control crying out "goats and monkeys," animals traditionally considered lascivious. There is also a wealth of heaven and hell imagery in Othello. Iago, who is Machiavellian in nature and revels in tormenting others, can be perceived as the devil personified. Even he himself acknowledges this when he says "devils will the blackest sins put on...suggest at first with heavenly shows / As I do now.

Why is Atticus defending Tom Robinson?

I, Atticus Finch, have decided to defend Tom Robinson against the beliefs of white southern culture. I realize in doing so that I am jumping out of the lines in which the white community has drawn so easily. They have put themselves in these lines to separate themselves from colored people in a way that makes them at a higher standard. I am defending Tom Robinson because I believe him to be an innocent man, he has the right to a fair trial even if he is colored, and he deserves justice. In taking this case, many people have changed their perspectives of me just because I am defending a colored man. Tom Robinson is a noble field hand. He has no reason for harm towards Mayella. I truly believe that his innocence is real. He is kind and helpful, even brave enough to continuously help Mayella on his walks home from work. Tom was not carrying out favors for Mayella for money, but just out of the kindness he possesses. Yet, this town sees Tom as a rapist because of his skin color. If this man was white, you would be able to understand and actually hear what I am saying about an innocent man. You cannot get passed his appearance to see his heart. I am able to see pass his color and find his person underneath his skin. I am choosing to step out of the lines because Tom Robinson did not rape Mayella Ewell. Tom Robinson has the right to have someone defend him who believes in him. I took this case because I want to defend him to my best ability. Every man has the right to a fair trial. No matter race or color. Bob Ewell can judge me for siding with a colored person. But I fight for justice, not for a so called â€Å"superior† race. This man should be innocent until proven guilty, not guilty until proven innocent. People put these perceptions that whites are superior to colored people just because there white. That is not a way people should view other people. Tom deserves a fair trial. Mayella tells this lie in court, why? She feels that because he is colored she will be able to blame him. Although Tom Robinson is colored he has the right to justice as much as a white man. He shouldn't be blamed for an act that he didn't commit because of the color of his skin. I want justice for this man. Notice how he is just a man. He isn't defined as a colored man in my eyes as he is to the white community. Tom Robinson is a man who is innocent and justice deserves to be given to this man, this human being. Many townspeople may not understand why I stand by a colored man, but I stand for justice even if that means stepping outside the lines that this white community has drawn around themselves. White people need to step off the pedestal that they have given to themselves and realize everyone deserves justice. Although people may not understand why I defend Tom Robinson, I choose to do because he deserves justice. No matter his skin color, he is a man who is innocent. I may have broken rules in the eyes of the white community, but I stand for justice and Tom is innocent. My actions are my own and I don't let racism waiver my beliefs. Colored or white, justice is a right to all.

The Firestone Tire Controversy

In May 2000, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in the United States issued a letter to the Ford Motor Co. and Firestone Inc. asking for information about the high incidence of tire failures on the Ford Explorer Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs). During July, Ford analyzed the data on tire failures. The analysis revealed that Firestone Radial 15 inch ATX and ATX II tires produced in North America and Wilderness AT tires produced at Decatur, Illinois Plant had very high failure rates with the treads peeling off.When the tires failed, the vehicle often rolled over and killed the occupants. Firestone amid concerns over tread separation, accidents, injury and death announced a voluntary recall of all Radial ATX and ATX II and Wilderness AT tires. Around 6. 5 million tires were recalled. These tires were original equipment on certain Ford Explorer SUVs, Mercury Mountaineer, Ford Ranger pick up trucks and Mazda Navajo and B-series pick up trucks. The Firestone tire reca ll was perhaps the biggest auto safety crisis in the US history.NHTSA put the death figure in February 2001 at 174 which has risen from 101 deaths reported in September 2000. However, analysts felt that there were as many as 250 deaths and more than 3000 injuries associated with the defective tires. Most of the deaths occurred in accidents involving the Ford Explorer and the victims and their families filed hundreds of lawsuits. In May 2001, Firestone announced that it was severing its ties with Ford and alleged that the problems in the Ford Explorer caused 174 deaths.Firestone alleged that Ford was trying to divert attention from the problems with Explorer. Ford and Firestone seemed to have known about the flaws in the tires for almost a year prior to the recall but it wasn't until NHTSA launched a preliminary investigation that Firestone announced a voluntary recall. Questions were raised about how Ford and Firestone responded to the first evidence of tire problems. Ford officials said that the issue first surfaced in Saudi Arabia, where drivers were prone to deflate their tires for better traction while driving in the desert sand.When they returned to hard pavement, they failed to reinflate the tires and the combination of low pressure and extreme climate led to tire disintegration. Ford replaced the tires on some 45,000 vehicles in the Middle East and in several other countries with extreme temperatures. NHTSA officials felt that Explorers were too heavy for the 15-inch tires. However, there was no definitive evidence to indicate that Ford's design specification for Explorer's tires was to blame.A lawyer representing some of the victims said, â€Å"There are a lot of smoke and mirrors going on, Ford can say it's Firestone's fault, and Firestone can say it's Ford's fault. â€Å"5 John Lampe, Executive vice president, Firestone, said that Firestone would replace any tires found to be unsafe. Susan Sizemore, public relations manager at Bridgestone's US head quarters in Nashville said, â€Å"This is not a recall. It's a customer satisfaction initiative. If necessary, we are replacing those tires with either our tires or a competitor's. Firestone alleged that Ford Explorer without Firestone tires were still experiencing rollover problems. Officials conceded that some of the Firestone tires involved in the recall were apparently world class tires and did not appear to have safety problems but said the tires needed to be included in the recall because of loss of customer confidence in the Firestone tires. The committee investigating the case after hearing from both sides said that there was a need for further analysis by an independent source such as NHTSA about both the Explorer and the tires.In 2001, Firestone announced that it would shut down one of its US plants, which could be its Decatur, Illinois, plant by no later than December 31, 2001. This would eliminate some 1, 500 jobs. Bridgestone recorded a net loss of $ 250. 3 million for the first half of 2001 because of the tire recall. In the first half of 2000, Bridgestone recorded a net profit of 18. 90 billion yen. An extraordinary loss of $ 570 million taken by Firestone in June 2001 to pay lawsuits and clear up other costs related to the tire recall was the main reason behind the loss.Company sourced said that they would try to revive their North American operations by shifting focus to the Bridgestone brand. Shigeo Watanabe, president of Bridgestone said, â€Å"I don't think the Firestone brand will disappear, but the Bridgestone brand will grow. † The recall of 6. 5 million Firestone tires on the Ford Explorer in August 2000 cost Ford about $ 500 million. Explorer sales had plunged 21% in 2001. The company's earnings were expected to sink by 65% in 2001. Ford's share of the US automobile market had fallen by 1. 7 percentage points in 2001 to 23. 1%.Officials at Ford felt that the future of Ford (Explorer) would depend on how customers responded to F ord's reaction to the crisis. One official said, â€Å"My message to consumers is, if you don't think we have behaved in the way the world's leading consumer company should behave, then tell us, because we want to earn that loyalty and respect. â€Å"7 Commenting on Ford's future relationship with Firestone, that official said, â€Å"Given the importance of the relationship between tires and vehicle safety, and the importance of brand perception, how can you put Firestone tires on the new Explorer that comes out next year? â€Å"

Explication Essay of a&P by John Updike

Essay 1-Explication Essay of A&P by John Updike We have all had that moment of clarity when we realize, no longer children, our decisions can greatly impact the course of our future. A&P gives an insight into the main character’s realization of how he perceives his life, the lives of those around him, and how with one impulsive decision he forever changed the course of his life. Sammy, the narrator of A&P, is a 19 year old boy whose assumption of others, dislike of conformity, and his rash decision making exemplify teenage discovery, that our actions impact our future.Sammy’s assumption of others is immature and serves only as a distraction from his self-distain. He describes, in great detail, the three girls who enter the A&P, in their bathing suits. He begins with their physical descriptions, which lead him to assume their character summarizations. He goes so far as to give them nicknames. â€Å"There was the chunky one†, â€Å"a tall one, with black hair that hadn’t quite frizzed right†, and then the third one†, She was the queen. † [385]. â€Å"Queenie and Plaid and Big Tall Goony-Goony. † [388]. While Sammy is ringing up the sale in his checkout slot, he visualizes â€Å"Queenie† as this rich, sophisticated girl.He fantasizes about what her family is like and how fancy their parties must be. He then depicts his family as lower class, as if this was something to be ashamed of, and that he was above that. â€Å"Her father and the other men were standing around in ice-cream coats and bow ties and the women were in sandals picking up herring snacks on toothpicks off a big glass plate. † â€Å"When my parents have someone over they get lemonade and if it’s a racy affair Schlitz in tall glasses. † [387]. His assumptions and daydreams allow him to escape his reality, temporarily.This is a coping technique, a way for him to get through the day to day, at a job his dislikes, and a lif e he views as beneath him. During Sammy’s descriptive assumptions of these girls, he also illustrates his view of the community around him and his dislike of conformity. Sammy describes the routine shoppers and in doing so he depicts his dislike of conformity. He portrays them as sheep with the inability to stray from their monotonous routines. â€Å"The sheep pushing their carts down the aisles-â€Å", â€Å"I bet you could set off dynamite in the A&P and the people would by and large keep reaching and checking oatmeal off their lists. [386]. He views each day as predictable with nothing to look forward to. That is why when these girls entered the store it was a sight to behold. It was the abrupt change in the daily conformity that Sammy so desperately wanted. â€Å"The store’s pretty empty, it being a Thursday afternoon, so there was nothing to do except lean on the register and wait for the girls to show up again. † [387]. He changed that day, from a teena ge boy with immature daydreams about girls, to an adult. It was because of the insight he depicted from these girls. When the manager, Lengel, embarrasses the girls for their lack of clothing, it upsets Sammy.He then chooses to quit. He reasons it is the right choice, concluding it is the adult thing to do. To stand-up for what is right, and to voice his disagreement with Lengel at his attempt in humiliating the girls. â€Å"-but remembering how he made that pretty girl blush makes me so scrunch inside I punch the No Sale tab and the machine whirls â€Å"pee-pul† and the drawer splats out. † [388]. He concedes that the conformity of these people and the â€Å"day to day† routine is unacceptable, especially when it makes you feel superior, that you have the right to insult others.While he demonstrates his dislike for conformity, he now has made a rash decision that has consequences he had not considered. Sammy demonstrated typical teenage behavior, by making a ra sh decision, in quitting his job before rationalizing it. After witnessing Lengel verbally chastise the girls for wearing their bikinis into the store, Sammy decides, in hast, to quit. He believes this will portray him as a hero in the girl’s eyes. He very quickly discovers they exited the store with not so much of a glance back in his direction.Now, he has to live with his impromptu â€Å"adult† decision and the consequences of his choice in quitting his job. â€Å"But it seems to me that once you begin a gesture it’s fatal not to go through with it† [388]. He considers the fact that he will regret this decision later on and that he will disappoint his mom and dad, as Lengel pointed out. â€Å"Sammy, you don’t want to do this to your Mom and Dad. † He tells me. It’s true, I don’t† [388]. He quickly dismisses these thoughts and makes amends that initially he may be remorseful of his impulsive decision, but realizes this i s what he needs to do.After he exits the store he optimistically looks for the girls and realizes they are gone. â€Å"I look around for my girls, they’re gone, of course. † [389]. He has to take in the fact that he is alone, having to stand on his own two feet, and know that the road ahead with be difficult. â€Å"-I felt how hard the world was going to be to me hereafter. † [389]. Sure to be full of trials, Sammy takes his first auspicious steps into adulthood. His rash decisions may have not been wise but they were needed in his epiphany, which forever changed him.Although Sammy made some poor choices, they were necessary in his journey into adulthood. Everyone makes bad decisions, but it is how we proceed afterwards that make us who we are. The future is paved with mistakes of the past. We are to learn from them to ensure we do not repeat them. John Updike’s A&P depicts the inescapable decisions of a young man, through his thoughts and actions, and th e subsequent consequences of those decisions that allowed him to mature. Works Cited Barnet, Cain, & Burto. Literature for Composition. 9th Edition. Longman. Updike, John. A&P. pg. 385-389.